Hydraulic motors, as key actuators in hydraulic systems, require meticulous installation. During installation, it is crucial to ensure that the drive shaft of the hydraulic motor remains concentric when connected to other mechanical components, or to choose a flexible connection method. Following these steps ensures smooth operation and long-term stability of the hydraulic motor.
1. Radial Force Issues with Hydraulic Motor Bearings
For hydraulic motors that cannot withstand radial forces, avoid directly mounting pulleys and other transmission components onto the main shaft. For example, consider a scenario where the drive sprocket is driven by the hydraulic motor, while the driven sprocket drives the conveyor belt roller.
2. Chain Drive in Hydraulic Motors
① The motor's leakage oil pipe must be kept unobstructed, and back pressure should generally not be applied. If back pressure is necessary due to special circumstances, its pressure value must not exceed the limit that the low-pressure seal can withstand.
② The leakage oil pipe must be kept unobstructed, and the motor should be run dry for extended periods of inactivity. External leakage oil pipes should ensure that the motor housing is always filled with oil to prevent all oil from flowing back to the oil tank during shutdown.
3. Ensure Sufficient Frame Rigidity
① The motor mounting bracket and base must possess sufficient rigidity to withstand the reaction force of the motor's output torque.
② The mounting bracket must be rigid to prevent vibration and deformation, ensuring concentricity of the connection. Insufficient frame rigidity will lead to vibration and deformation, and may even cause accidents, making it impossible to guarantee that the concentricity between the drive motor and the motor shaft is controlled within 0.1mm.
4. Avoid Using Hydraulic Motors with Gearboxes
① Hydraulic transmission has the advantage of a high power-to-weight ratio, and the hydraulic motor circuit itself can achieve speed regulation and speed change functions.
② Hydraulic motors can be speed-regulated themselves and should be avoided when used in combination with gearboxes. Using a hydraulic motor with a gearbox will lose the advantages of hydraulic control and increase the size and cost of the equipment.
5. Separate Return Tank for Hydraulic Motor Drain Ports
① Although the return oil pressure is usually not high, the return oil in many hydraulic systems still has a certain pressure. The drain chamber of a hydraulic motor, however, requires no pressure.
② The drain port must be handled with a separate return tank to prevent oil leakage due to pressure. Connecting this port to other return oil lines may damage the shaft seal and cause oil leakage; therefore, it must be handled separately in the return oil tank.
6. Preventing Air from Entering the Hydraulic Motor
① During the initial operation of the hydraulic system, air will inevitably be present in the pipelines.
② One of the important tasks of system commissioning is to completely purge the air, which is especially important for the hydraulic motor. During commissioning, air must be purged from the system to prevent cavitation. The hydraulic medium undergoes rapid pressure changes from high to low in the motor, at a frequency of approximately 10 revolutions per revolution. If air mixes into the hydraulic oil, cavitation will occur at the pressure abrupt change, leading to rapid motor damage.
